What is the role of chemical digestion?

Where in the gut does chemical digestion take place?

Define absorption.

Define assimilation.

Define egestion.

What are the six stages food goes through in the alimentary canal?

Chemical digestion breaks large,       molecules into small, soluble molecules.

Chemical digestion begins in the     and continues in the stomach and small intestine.

True or False? Chemical digestion breaks large, insoluble molecules into small, soluble molecules.

True or False? Mechanical digestion breaks the chemical bonds within food molecules.

Define emulsification.

Where is bile produced and where is it stored?

What are the two main roles of bile?

Why is it important that bile is alkaline?

Why does emulsification help the digestion of fats?

Which enzyme chemically digests fat after it has been emulsified?

Bile is produced by the liver and stored in the        .

Emulsification increases the         of fat so that lipase can act faster.

True or False? Bile is alkaline and neutralises stomach acid.

True or False? Emulsification is an example of chemical digestion.

Does bile contain any enzymes?

What does amylase digest, and into what?

Where is amylase produced?

What does the enzyme maltase do?

What do proteases digest, and into what?

Where does pepsin work, and in what conditions?

Where is trypsin produced and where does it act?

Define lipase.

Where is lipase produced?

Lipase digests lipids into fatty acids and      .

True or False? Proteases break down proteins into amino acids.

True or False? Amylase is produced in the stomach.

What are the two main roles of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?

Define gastric juice.

How does hydrochloric acid kill bacteria in food?

Which stomach enzyme works best in acidic conditions?

What is the optimum pH of pepsin?

How are the cells lining the stomach adapted to hydrochloric acid?

Hydrochloric acid provides a low    so that pepsin can work at its fastest rate.

The stomach enzyme      has an optimum pH of around 2.

True or False? Hydrochloric acid kills bacteria that are ingested with food.

True or False? The stomach provides alkaline conditions for pepsin to work.

Why must the stomach maintain a low pH?

What is the main purpose of the digestive system?

Define ingestion.

Define egestion.

What are the two roles of the mouth in digestion?

What is the function of the stomach in digestion?

What does the pancreas produce?

What is the function of the large intestine?

What is the only material that passes out in faeces?

The        is the muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.

Bile is produced by the liver and stored in the        .

True or False? The liver produces bile.

True or False? Most digested food is absorbed in the stomach.

Define peristalsis.

Which two types of muscle control peristalsis?

What happens when the circular muscles contract during peristalsis?

What happens when the longitudinal muscles contract during peristalsis?

What is the role of mucus in peristalsis?

How does dietary fibre help peristalsis?

What happens to food in the stomach after it arrives by peristalsis?

Peristalsis is controlled by circular and         muscles.

    is produced to lubricate the food and reduce friction during peristalsis.

True or False? Circular muscles contract to reduce the diameter of the gut lumen.

True or False? Peristalsis relies on gravity to move food down the oesophagus.

Define physical digestion.

Why is physical digestion important for chemical digestion?

Which three processes carry out physical digestion?

What is another name for physical digestion?

Which organ churns food as a form of physical digestion?

Where does the emulsification of fats take place?

Define emulsification.

Physical digestion increases the         of food for enzymes to act on.

The       action of the stomach is a form of physical digestion.

True or False? Chewing food with the teeth is an example of physical digestion.

True or False? Physical digestion changes the chemical structure of food molecules.

What is the role of the teeth in mechanical digestion?

Define incisors.

Define canines.

What is the function of the premolars and molars?

Why does chewing food help digestion?

Define enamel.

What does the pulp cavity of a tooth contain?

      are chisel-shaped teeth used for biting and cutting food.

Incisors are chisel-shaped teeth used for      and cutting food.

True or False? Molars are used for grinding and chewing food.

True or False? Chewing food chemically changes the food molecules.