Resource Provision Energy: Key Terms
Resource Provision Energy: Key Terms
Resource Provision Energy: Key Terms
Energy types
Fuelwood – Wood burned for cooking and heating.
Non-renewable energy – Finite sources such as oil, coal, and gas.
Renewable energy – Infinite sources such as wind, solar, and geothermal.
Increasing global production & consumption
Energy demand – The total amount of energy required by a country or population.
Energy production – The generation of energy from various sources.
Energy security – The ability of a nation to secure affordable, reliable energy.
Energy supply – The total amount of energy available for use.
Global patterns of energy
Energy deficit – When a country uses more energy than it produces.
Energy surplus – When a country produces more energy than it consumes.
HIC/LIC energy use – Wealthier countries use more energy due to industry and technology.
Physical factors – Geology, climate, and access to fossil fuels.
Political factors – Government policies, conflict, or corruption affecting energy.
Variations in energy use
Access to electricity – A measure of how many people have reliable electricity.
Energy efficiency – Using less energy to perform the same task.
Industrialisation – Increases energy use as countries develop industries.
Transport systems – Energy-intensive in urban and high-income areas.
Advantages & disadvantages of energy types
Biomass – Organic material used as fuel.
Coal – A fossil fuel used in electricity generation and heavy industry.
Geothermal energy – Heat energy from beneath the Earth’s surface.
Hydroelectric power (HEP) – Electricity produced by water turning turbines.
Natural gas – A cleaner fossil fuel often used for heating and electricity.
Nuclear energy – Power generated by splitting uranium atoms.
Oil – A fossil fuel mainly used in transport and manufacturing.
Solar power – Electricity generated from sunlight using panels.
Tidal power – Energy from tidal movements.
Wave power – Energy from surface waves on oceans.
Wind power – Electricity produced by wind turbines.
Strategies to increase energy supply
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) – Capturing CO₂ from power plants and storing it underground.
Energy conservation – Reducing energy use through efficiency and behaviour change.
Fracking – Extracting natural gas from shale rock.
Micro-hydro schemes – Small-scale hydropower systems.
Renewable investment – Funding the expansion of clean energy.
Subsidies – Government support for energy development.
Case study: Norway
Electric vehicle incentives – Government policies to increase use of electric cars.
Energy mix – Norway's balance between hydroelectricity, oil, and gas.
Hydroelectric dominance – 90% of electricity in Norway is from hydropower.
Wind energy expansion – Growth of wind turbines as a supplementary source.