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Causes of migration

Exam code: 2217
Written by: Ashika|Reviewed by: Caroline Carroll|Updated 2 July 2026

Specification link

This page covers section 6.3.2 of the CIE O Level specification.

  • 6.3.2 - Causes of migration, to include push and pull factors.

Push and pull factors

Push and pull factors

  • The main causes of migration are push-pull factors

  • The push factors are things in a person's current situation that are 'pushing' them away

    • It is what makes the person consider moving from their place of origin

  • The pull factors are the perceived outcome

    • It is what they imagine life will be in their place of destination

  • Push-pull factors are unique to each migrant, depending on their reasons for moving

  • These factors can be divided into:

    • Social

    • Economic

    • Political

    • Environmental

Diagram showing push factors like unemployment and pull factors like freedom of speech, illustrating reasons for migration from origin to destination.
Push and pull factors
Causes of migration · Revision Notes · Geography · StudyDeck